Then You Can Study It

A few months ago my mother and my aunt embarked on a bit of a nostalgic exercise to see if they could remember (in proper sequence) the storefronts that populated Brighton Beach Avenue when they were growing up. The endeavor proved tougher than they first thought, but the idea itself has led them down some fun memory lanes.

While trying to dig up some examples for a CPE workshop the other afternoon, one article in Popular Science grabbed my attention: a group of computer scientists built an algorithm that matches hundreds of thousands of photos on Flickr using common elements, like a high-tech jigsaw puzzle. Coupled with software that speeds through 3-D reconstruction, they could then create digital models of three cities in three dimensions.

[youtube]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L7NT3BrrsaQ[/youtube]

(In the category of “exceptionally cool,” those diamond shapes along the bottom represent the tourists who are taking the photos.) It’s probably pretty clear the potential this kind of project represents for a wide variety of academic disciplines. As one of the scientists explained, “”If you have a digital representation of something, then you can study it.” (And here I’m reminded of Tom’s earlier post about digital museum tours. Same idea, different scale.) The project also turns camera-happy tourists into quasi-professional archivists, with formerly private shots contributing to a very collective and participatory project.

I did a bit of googling, and found another interesting example of this kind of work, “Rome Reborn.” (I’m clearly behind, since there’s also an App.) A bunch of Engineering and Technology centers collaborated on a project that would create a 3-D rendering of ancient Rome’s development, beginning at A.D. 320. This digital modeling relies on collective efforts too, but here it’s a wide variety of research and data. The results, Rome 2.0, are a far cry from the grainy visuals of the ancient city reproduced in textbooks all over.

acqueduct

These efforts to reconstruct cities—past or present—appeal on two distinct levels. Our desire to preserve the very intimate relationships we have to these places is certainly one (see Luke’s post from a while back, when he explored his old neighborhood with Google Earth). But these projects also satisfy our desire to communicate subjects like architecture and history in more dynamic ways, while incorporating changes over time.

These kinds of tools have been on my mind lately. This past weekend I presented a paper at a conference on development in Brooklyn, and a lot of presentations sought to record—and define– neighborhood change in particular ways. Over lunch, when I told a historical preservationist about my mother’s quest and frustration with the limitations of city records, she told me about a tax survey that had been done in the 1930s, which now provides us with a house-by-house visual record of the period. There seems little doubt that our ability to combine existing visual archives with mapping technologies will mean that it won’t be too long before my mom can reconstruct and represent her old stomping grounds.

Although who knows? I admit to wondering if maybe certain things are best left to memory.

A, B, C and Hot or Not

Last December, Baruch’s campus news posted an article proudly announcing that a professor at our college had made RateMyProfessors’ top ten hottest list. The website lists assessment categories, including the easiness of the class, the rater’s interest in the subject, and clarity. Hotness is given the caveat “just for fun.” A ‘rate my realtor’ website has relevant categories such as communication, market knowledge, and negotiating. A ‘rate my doctor’ website has categories for punctuality, friendliness, and helpfulness. Neither of these cites include hotness. Why would RateMyProfessor.com invite students to judge their teachers by appearance, even by sexual appeal?

Part of what RateMyProfessor.com offers is a chance to level the playing field. The power dynamic between students and teachers can sometimes seem so severe. I’ve had many conversations with fellow teachers about grade grubbing: emails and office visits with students who either plead, bully, or plead and bully at the same time. There is something raw and vulnerable to the badgering of course, and that is what makes the situation stressful and sometimes even wrenching. I sweat through these conversations when they were happening, and they turned my stomach later at night.

“I am not a B student” (or fill in whatever the disappointing grade is). I think this is the gut feeling behind a lot of grade issues even when it isn’t said. And this is what I mean by an uneven playing field between teachers and students. I’ve realized there is a crucial difference between the relationship of teacher and student to those between realtor and client, doctor and patient. A flakey realtor can definitely be annoying, could keep you from the perfect apartment. The effects of an incompetent doctor could have a major impact on your life. But grades affect people’s identity, their sense of who they are at a time when the clay is still wet. When majors are still not entirely decided, much less careers, a grade might seem like a public judgment, affecting your own, private sense of self. When I was in college, the A’s in English and B’s and C’s in math and science told me I was a certain kind of person, they also directed me towards one career and away from other. My students at Baruch have an even more pragmatic grasp of the way grades affect their sense of themselves and way the outside world sees them. They know what grade point average it takes to get into business school, or to get an interview at Ersnt & Young. They have a keen sense that a grade attaches to their fate.

Paolo Carpignano, in “The Shape of the Sphere: the Public Sphere and the Materiality of Communication,” defines the public sphere as any practice that mediates between the public and the private. I went back to the readings from his class at the New School recently, when some recent events made me think about students and their identities, and my own, and also the public/private practice of judging, rating, and grading—the way it effects our sense of ourselves and the way others see us.

In the past few years, I’ve reconnected with people through Facebook and a few have told me they’ve Googled me; to find out what I’ve been doing since high school, or since the last family wedding or funeral. And this summer after a cousin mentioned Googling me, I of course Googled myself. I have an unusual name, so any hit I get is pretty surely me. And there, the very first one, was RateMyProfessor. And the very first rating, above several with comments such as “nice” and a few “boring” and one or two more generous, was a very detailed and sexually explicit post. I guessed, after thinking about it a lot, that a C might feel like the same kind of humiliation, affecting the way you see yourself and the way other people see you. Reading the post made me think that my sense of vulnerability might be right in line with what my student had felt.

For weeks after that post I fantasized about wearing a bomb suit to class. I wanted to prevent students from judging my appearance at all: here is an area in which I am no less vulnerable to judgment than anyone, no matter my maturity or professional accomplishment. For awhile after I found that post, I measured a student’s likelihood to retaliate on RateMyProfessor while I turned in grades. I eventually pushed this to the side, but a sense of wariness remains. I wonder how many other teachers are affected by the site and how we might clear a space for it within the academy, to absorb and reflect with students over what it has to tell us.

There has been some stone throwing on both sides, since RateMyProfessor began to offer teachers the chance to respond. (You can see a striking example from a past cac.cophony post: http://cac.ophony.org/2008/02/21/when-professors-strike-back/). But this has been like a back-alley scuffle behind the lecture halls where we talk about things like the public sphere and the role of the Internet in the academy. Grading and RateMyProfessor.com seem like very public spheres that affect our identities, that mediate between the public and private. But the practices themselves, as Michael pointed out in a recent post, aren’t the source of much open, deliberate debate.

Paolo Carpginano, “The Shape of the Sphere: The Public Sphere and the Materiality of Communication,” Constellations 6, no. 2 (1999).

“They just won’t do the reading!”

I recently tried to do a writing exercise with two groups of students that wasn’t as successful as I’d hoped, largely because I naively expected the students to have done the reading that their professor had assigned, and had based the exercise largely on this false assumption. “Whoa, I am really out of practice,” I thought to myself. “How could I forget that you can’t rely on students to do their homework?” Although these weren’t my own classes, I viscerally flashed back on the frustration I often experienced as an adjunct, when my own students came to class not having done the reading. I hear this all the time from instructors: “They just won’t do the reading!”

Although part of the problem of students not reading may be attributed to their busy schedules, poor time management, or mere laziness, when I try to put myself in my students’ shoes, and think about the times when I have slacked off on doing all of my reading, what it often came down to was that I did not do the reading when it seemed like it was a waste of time. I remember being frustrated when lectures seemed to merely repeat what the texts said, as well as when the readings seemed irrelevant to class discussions, exams, and assignments.

As an instructor, my gut instinct is to say, “But, but, it’s good for you! Trust me!” Or to explain the pedagogical relevance of all the readings on the syllabi. I’m not sure if that is the best strategy, though. I wonder: how can we better convey to our students that there is a reason why doing their assigned reading is important? I have a sneaking suspicion that the answer lies in the creative writing mantra “Show, don’t tell.” That is, rather than painstakingly explaining to your students why it is important for them to do their homework, teach in such a way that your students see for themselves that the texts you have assigned them to read have value.

In my duties as a Writing Fellow, I’d like to make a push for instructors to use writing as a means of “showing” the benefits of reading. According to WAC philosophy, there are numerous reasons why we advocate for students to be writing more frequently in all of their classes. Here’s just one: by writing about what they are reading, students will feel more invested in the texts their professors have assigned, and professors will have written proof that the time they spend putting together a syllabus is not a waste of their time.

The Cost of a Character

As an editor for the Radical History Review, I spend a lot of time counting characters (text characters that is).  Duke University Press, the publisher of the journal, allows a fixed number of journal pages per volume.  Short of typesetting an article, the most accurate way for RHR editors to estimate the length of a given article or entire issue is to count characters (yes, spaces count, and so do footnotes).  Occasionally we have a space crunch toward the end of a volume and the pressure is on.  If there is a huge overage, the game is political, determining which authors might be willing to postpone publication of their piece to a later issue.  If it is a smaller amount, authors and editors are forced to tighten the text or remove/shrink images.  It doesn’t take long before the cutting war becomes a word-by-word battle where every character counts (and the hefty penalty fee assessed by the publisher for overage looms large).  When we begin constructing an issue, the 600,000+ character space seems vast,  but as it comes down to the wire claustrophobia sets in.

Unlike a Twitterer bending to duck a 140-character limit, the journal author/editor can go only so far with creative solutions since the text must adhere to the Chicago Manual of Style and Merriam-Webster Dictionary.  Although the dictionary is growing it doesn’t allow for the creative abbreviations being pioneered by twitterati.  It usually means following Strunk and White’s advice: “Omit useless words.”  Not surprisingly, the intense editing done under the character-limit gun tends to yield excellent results.

As we help our students discover the value that comes along with the frustrations of editing, I think that space constraints can play a valuable role.  When a student shortens a text or tweet, they are employing some of the same skills necessary for communication efficiency in other contexts.

New technologies are not the first to put a price tag on characters.  An Op-Ed in the New York Times over the summer pointed to some humorous abbreviations invented by penny-pinching telegraph senders facing 15-character and 10-word limits.  I am intrigued by the expressions that the editors of the “The Anglo-American Telegraphic Code” (1891) deemed worthy of inclusion.  Some of them are not phrases I see often these days (“can you recommend to me a good female cook,” abbreviated “CRISP”); others are (“taxation is oppressive”, “ORGANISM” for short).

Here is an excerpt, including some other abbreviations you may choose to use in your next tweet:

ABANDONEE Abandoned in a sinking condition
ABETTING Everything depends on the ability with which it is (they are) handled.
ABUSAGE His (their) absence is rather mysterious.
ACESCET Has met with a trifling accident.

I see that this post is already at 2775 characters, so I best stop here.